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Barely more than one agent in two has passed. Participation in professional elections in state civil service fell 51% against 70% in previous elections. This dip can be explained by the Ministry of Education (more than half of voters), where the number of voters has plummeted to 38.5%. Participation has also maintained or slightly increased.

Several unions of education have questioned the electronic voting used for the first time. Besides errors "classic" in sending the professions of faith or the constitution of electoral lists – that private voting some candidates! – Bugs, especially complex and lengthy procedures have discouraged or computer agents prevented some from voting.The FSU, crumbling a bit, but still by far in the lead for Education (40.6%, double the UNSA and three times the CFDT and FOR), the judge "malfunctions" so many they constitute a "denial of social democracy." According to the CGT, "for 10% of the workforce, the conditions were not met in order to vote." Tens of thousands of voters have not received the code allowing them to vote.

Demobilization

"The elections were conducted generally without real difficulty," scans the Minister of Public Service, citing the use of "modern" and "environmentally responsible". François Sauvadet "rejects the word" failed ". Participation is also the result of the decision of each agent to vote or not. " The officers had "one week to decide," says one colleague in Education, Luc Chatel.Favor of electronic voting and … up, the CFDT and Unsa also note that if teachers are not mobilized, principals or administrative officers of Education have been more involved, as postal workers, while they also voted on the Internet. The vote for the first time, contract – which the unions have not always paid great attention – may also explain the poor performance against.

Mechanical consequence of the demobilization of troops of Education, FSU – so far the first union of all the public service of this state, but almost exclusively among teachers – see the gap is closing with its competitors low fee payday loans.It drops to 20.9% of the votes (19.1% including private school teachers under contract, for the first time integrated into the social dialogue bodies of the state).

The reformists up

His pursuers, rather than reformist protesters, progress: FOR 17.8% (16.2% with private school teachers), the UNSA with 16.7% (15.3%), with 12.6% CFDT (14.5%). Then come the CGT with 13.4% (12.8%), Partners with 6.5% (6.2%), CFE-CGC with 6.3% (5.8%) and the CFTC with 1, 6% (3.9%). FO heels and the FSU and even seems able to catch up. However, the CFTC could disappear from the list of allowed unions to negotiate and sign agreements for all the officials, failing sufficient score.

But these results should be taken with a grain of salt: more than 300 000 registered agents are still missing the call, about 2 million.Are integrated nor France Telecom nor the Department of Justice, who will vote Nov. 22. In the first case, it was always intended, in the second the vote was postponed at the last minute because they have been properly prepared.

They do not include either the results of the Ministries of Economy and Budget, who had not finished stripping, yesterday afternoon. What added a little more sense of improvisation and confusion. At some point – even among union leaders – questioned whether Bercy did not take pleasure in soap the plank at the Department of Civil Service, at the forefront of this election. In the week already, as the "flop" of participation seemed to indicate the climate was tense between 101 and 110 rue de Grenelle – seat of the Ministry of Public Service and that of the National Education.

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"Elections unprecedented in the public

"Redistribution between public service unions

Their remedy for the debt crisis in the eurozone was expected. After donning their new clothes Nobel Prize in Economics in 2011, Americans Christopher Sims and Thomas Sargent have shot so the map of fiscal federalism. Historical precedent should serve as a model according to them: the union of the budgets of the thirteen founding states of the United States with the Constitution of 1787. Christopher Sims, then this is a "definite solution" with which "we were born." And Thomas Sargent called the euro area to design "a way of sharing the fiscal burden to link budgetary powers to the European Central Bank (ECB) and the lender of last resort". According to him, the outlook for the euro will remain "dark" if those links "also remain unclear."

Although the idea is not new, it has resurfaced thanks to the Greek crisis.On Wednesday, the political and business across the EU (including billionaire George Soros and Martti Ahtisaari, former Finnish Prime Minister) signed a platform calling the euro zone leaders to unite. Published by the Financial Times, the letter calls for the "establishment of a joint budget that would raise funds and to ensure fiscal discipline of the Member States." In this spirit, Jean-Claude Trichet, ECB president, has recently called Europe adopts "a federal Minister of Finance."

Judging "pragmatic" position of the two Nobel Jerome Creel, assistant director of studies at the OFCE and professor at the ESCP Europe also believes that this idea of ​​fiscal federalism is "a must". Clearly, the euro area is expected to have a real "federal budget" next national budget.This would better "regulate the activity" of the Union through a "permanent reciprocity 'in bilateral relations between the world's strongest and weakest, especially in times of economic shocks. "When people buy Mercedes, Greeks contribute to German growth, so it is normal to help him when needed," the economist is an example.

"The euro has to walk on two legs"

The Assistance Fund of the euro area (EFSF), which has helped Portugal and Ireland, is seen by Jerome Creel as a draft of a further fiscal federalism low fee pay day loans. According to him, it applies to the current debate on the issue of Eurobonds ("that could eventually finance a large common budget"), like that, embryonic and far from unanimous, the tax on financial transactions.

To be effective advocates Jérôme Creel, the introduction of the federal budget will not happen without the ECB. "The euro must be able to walk on two legs: a lever for its independent ECB monetary and fiscal policy coordination," he says. Yet the institution of Frankfurt has so far only goal against inflation (unlike the U.S. Federal Reserve). Result, coordination and relations between the ECB and the U.S. are regularly strained: the economist recalled that in June 2008, including Nicolas Sarkozy had won against the institution in Frankfurt, who had decided to increase its key rate Director of 4% to 4.25% after soaring commodity prices.The ECB "should ask the question of economic growth" and "not just for inflation," lambasted the head of state, fearing a rise of the euro against the dollar penalizes exports of the area euro. Six months later, contagion from the financial crisis of U.S. forces in the Old Continent, the ECB has revised its rates three times down, up 0.75% at end 2008.

Problem: the establishment of a true federal budget involves a "significant transfer of sovereignty to the European" art Alexandre Delaigue, an economist blogger Econoclaste. "For this to work, it would require that Brussels can closely monitor and control deficits anything related to the competitiveness of the members, he insists.With the budget, it directly affects people's lives. "Collage, he cites the" retirement age, the conditions for unemployment insurance, "which would then indirectly controlled by the lever via Brussels budget. In addition, he said the United States, "the union budget could be made after the Civil War …"

"After three years of starvation wages, marked by wage freezes or increases in general very limited, 2012 could confirm the recovery that began this year," said Bruno Rocquemont, responsible for investigating compensation at Mercer France.

According to the survey (1) conducted by the consulting firm in human resources, business plan for most occupational categories increased by 3% (median) budget increase (collective and individual), against 2.5 % in 2011. The exceptions are the workers (+2.8%) and senior (2.9%). But in any case, it would exceed the average inflation of 1.7% in 2012 by the government.

End of the wage freeze

Two major trends. On the one hand an almost complete disappearance of the wage freeze, a measure widely implemented at the height of the crisis.However, 4% of companies plan to freeze the workers and managers.

In addition, the company forecasts reflected the "sacrosanct" rate increase of 3%, which was applied during the years before the crisis erupted instant credit report.

In addition, both groups seem to be emerging. First, the majority, has given the 3% salary increase. A second, more prudent, considering between 2.1% and 2.5%.

The survey was conducted between March and mid-July, ie before the great economic and financial events of the summer (crisis in the euro area, downward revision in growth for 2011 and 2012, falling stock markets …), Mercer, again, questioned 142 of the 329 companies in its original sample.

"Eight out of ten believe that these events will bring them to scale back their budgets for salary review.This reduction could be 0.5 point fall. In contrast, companies planning to date, a wage freeze, are still a small minority, said Bruno Rocquemont. In this context, we have to closely follow the mandatory annual negotiations (NAO), which launched just been given in some societies and that will continue into March. "

(1) survey of 329 companies, mostly French subsidiaries of multinational corporations.

The crisis has not only severely affected the French economy, it also severely impaired employee engagement vis-à-vis their business. In other words, their motivation, commitment, loyalty and loyalty.

Thus, according to a survey by Mercer to appear this morning and Le Figaro revealed economy, one in three employees think "seriously" to leave his company. They were one of only two in 2007. "This is a worrying situation for employers, as can be expected in the immediate departure of precious talent, which could increase if gradual economic recovery," said Eric Sarrazin, head of the investigation .

How to avoid this harmful? "The commitment of employees, major subject of ten years, wins.It is a reflection of the quality of management, "insists Didier Pitelet, founding president of Moons'Factory, a firm in corporate reputation. The initiatives implemented in Flo (Flo signs, Hippopotamus …), Bouygues Telecom and Bain & Company (consulting in strategy and management) demonstrated.

The 1200 participants of the Bain World Cup

"Apart from the second half of 2010, when a ray of sunshine appeared, we were and are still heavily affected by the crisis, admits Dominique Giraudier, chairman of Flo. In response, communication, and even over-communication is essential. "Since 2009, the group has set up a" chat ", where employees have direct contact with him. Since then, the regional directors have taken over.

Earlier this year, a survey to take the pulse of 5,900 employees was conducted. The results are flattering."The teams are highly motivated, strongly attached to the group, 98% proud to be part of. Spread over 300 restaurants, all of which are SMEs, they have a real need for information on our strategy, our vision for three to four years and how they fit into the picture. To give meaning to their daily commitment, meetings have been held in 2011, "said Dominique Giraudier.

Bouygues Telecom (9200 employees), the "staff perception surveys" are conducted every two years. The latest, 88% are "motivated", 95% are "proud" to work in the company and 86% are "confident" in its future. "We are in an area where innovation is the queen, the skills are constantly reevaluated, says HRD, Philippe Cuénot.Meanwhile, since our inception, fifteen years ago, we focused on training, internal mobility and balance between professional and personal life. We have succeeded in building a win-win relationship that meets our employees. "

In the group Bain & Company, the initiative is part of the base. Initially, a handful of football fans. Upon arrival, a major event organized by and for employees. In early September, in Paris, the 25th Bain World Cup has brought together 1200 participants (employees, consultants, partners …) from around the world. On the program: football, but also volleyball and a video contest. "As a result, franchise without aggressiveness, team concept, passion, pleasure, this event demonstrates the values ​​of our group," said John Hazan, Partner of the Paris office.Bernard Lequiller, also associated, added: "During the World Cup, there is no social barrier, communicating with each other. She is involved in the transmission of values ​​from one generation to the next. "

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"How to" reboost "employee motivation

Every day that passes, especially when it is marked on Friday by a whammy on the stock market puts a little more pressure on banks. European states will they, as in 2008, help? No definite answer exists. For those who, at the head of the state, banks and central banks have a clear idea of ​​the seriousness of the situation do not speak or hold soothing speeches to not add to the crisis to the crisis. Those who are not business more freely evoke crisis scenarios. As Ségolène Royal, who on Saturday declared shamelessly that "banks are likely to reapply using the State (…) probably in the week."

• Why would banks they need public money?

Two potential pitfalls they face. The first is the complete drying of resources: banks need to borrow in the markets to finance their activities.But the debt crisis of state in Europe increasingly discourages lenders. The foreclosure market in which victims were successively facilities Greek, Irish and Portuguese, and Spanish and Italian, now seems to win the entire euro area. While the banks are adapting, borrowing more short term, "cutting" their positions to save their cash and, finally, by obtaining new money to the European Central Bank. But these solutions are not sustainable and some European banks now find themselves in a situation of great fragility of the front of the "liquidity".

The second threat to the banks, the losses they may have to cash because of the economic slowdown and the crisis of the State debts, the most immediate threat is that of the Greek debt.According to the German press, Berlin also preparing a plan to support public financial sector, activated in case of bankruptcy of Greece.

• All banks will they need help?

It is likely that some banks will need help. The challenge will be to contain the fire. In the current climate of stress, the announcement of a rescue may create a systemic crisis, investors no longer completing lend to any institution, investors preferring to withdraw their assets. In 2008, states had implemented plans with extensive, the mass drowning in the case of banks the most vulnerable payday loan. This time, large swarm may be against-productive because it gave credence to the thesis is prepared throughout the banking sector to a major shock on sovereign debt."As if the policies were sending a signal that they do not believe in their own measures" to rescue the eurozone, fell last week the boss of Deutsche Bank, Josef Ackermann.

• What form of aid could take?

For banks in need, the ideal would be to recapitalize private funds. In late July, two Greek banks have also announced a merger made possible by a cash injection … Qatar. But, with few exceptions, European states will be well on the front line. This poses two problems. The first is financial: some countries already weakened may be difficult to bring in bank balance sheets at times equivalent to their GDP. The solution could come from the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF). The European Agreement of 21 July – which is not yet approved by national parliaments – provided he can assume this mission.

The second issue is political: public opinion will they accept to "save" the banks again? "Only if they pay a lot more expensive that in 2008 the capital provided to them and the money they are paid," says a policy that "a justified rescue also new requirements for remuneration, renewal management and separation of activities. "

• French banks are they on the front line?

French banks, which had pretty well through the crisis of 2008-2009, are more turbulent than in 2011. Their expansion in Europe, particularly Greece and Italy, has become a weakness.They are also consuming enough liquidity in the markets for two reasons: their "universal" model makes significant players in investment banking and market structure of savings has offset it to the insurance life and mutual funds rather than bank balance sheets. To view added real or perceived weaknesses of each: a large dependence on market funding at Dexia, a reputation started and strong market positions at Societe Generale, a Greek subsidiary Crédit Agricole …

The Paris Bourse tries to back up the hill on Tuesday. The CAC 40, which began the day at the balance (-0.04% to 2998.29 points) climbed 0.73% in mid-session at 3021.58 points. Technical rebound but it did not last and one hour before the opening of Wall Street, the market revives loss: -0.75% to 2977.06 points. Moreover, stock markets are all in red with the exception of London (0.31%) and Zurich (3.70%). But the DAX in Frankfurt still loose 0.46% and 2.20% Milan.

Investors can not really come to their senses after the blow of yesterday who did fall by 4.73%, under 3000 points.The problems of sovereign debt, which resulted in all European markets falling and are still strongly back the Asian markets this morning, are at the heart of investor concerns.

Greece again centralizes all fears since the country's authorities and inspectors of the European Union, the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank, have suspended talks to ten days. The two parties disagree on the reasons and extent of delays by Athens in reducing its budget deficit. This situation endangers the second rescue plan concocted by the European Union. Some analysts believe even now that the plan was stillborn."Greece has already slipped over new deficit targets," said Bruno Cavalier, as well, an economist at Oddo Securities.

Nervousness is also high, whereas the German Constitutional Court will make its decision Wednesday on the highly anticipated aid granted by Greece to Berlin and the establishment of a European emergency fund. Germany is the main creditor of Greece in the eurozone.

"It's a stampede"

Also in the issue of debt in the euro zone, Italy is suffering from a new crisis of confidence while accumulating doubts on its ability to curb its deficit despite the adoption of an austerity plan this summer.Finally, union sources said yesterday that the Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero had recognized mid-August, the markets in crisis, that Spain was close to a "rescue" needed.

"It's the stampede, the free fall. Trust is the innermost and nobody does anything to reassure, "commented Xavier Villepion, sales of shares in Global Equities. "Investors have no reason now to invest in the equity markets," he says. "We are in a dynamic market similar to that of the fall of 2008, when prevailing psychosis triggered by the subprime crisis," said Patrick Jacq, bond strategist at BNP Paribas."Everybody goes in the same direction and fled to the German long-term bonds," he said.

"No recession in the U.S."

These problems of sovereign debt in addition to fears of a global recession while the health of U.S. economic worries. In this regard, World Bank President Robert Zoellick said on Tuesday that the United States was not threatened by a return to recession. "I do not think the United States and the world will fall into recession," he said.

The ISM "non-manufacturing" rose for the first time since May, 0.6 percentage points from July, reaching 53.3%, while the median forecast of analysts gave the down at 51.0%.

The European currency the euro was trying to rebound against the dollar on Tuesday, however briefly climbed back above the $ 1 cash advance loan.42 threshold.Eurostat also confirmed its first estimate of GDP growth in the euro area. It increased by only 0.2% from April to June after 0.8% in the first quarter.

The famous German ten-year Bund collects all the favor of investors and its yield, which moves in the opposite direction from price, fell to below 2%, unheard of.

Values ​​to follow

The bank still in the red

Bank stocks remained misguided in Paris and did not benefit from the rebound. BNP Paribas lost 0.91% to 31.02 euros, Crédit Agricole 1.83% to 5.74 euros, Natixis 0.51% to 2.55 euros and Societe Generale 0.64% to 20.12 euros.Some values ​​are more dependent on market conditions, however, fell under the head, the image of ArcelorMittal, which gained 1.84% in mid-session at 13.32 euros.

Audika: + 5.86% to 16.99 euros

The group released a net profit up 17.2% to 4.8 million in the first half, Audika has benefited from financial instruments, whose contribution represents about 400,000 euros.

Medica: + 4.51% to 12.74 euros

Medica said it had seven times its first-half profits to 20.7 million euros and raised its annual growth target of the activity of 15% to 17%.

NYSE Euronext: + 2.54% to 18.57 euros

The group announced a return to continuous trading, as of Thursday, September 8, a series of indicators of the Paris Bourse, the SBF 120, which was suspended on August 8 for technical reasons.

Casino: 0.51% to 55.56 euros

The retailer Almacenes Exito Colombia, 54.8% owned by the French group, has launched a capital increase of $ 1.4 billion (one billion) unveiled in late June.

Paris airport: + 0.52% to 55.79 euros

A consortium that includes ADP is one of the groups pre-qualified to take over the airports of Madrid and Barcelona, ​​said Monday the Spanish airport authority AENA.

Lagardère: + 2.25% to 19.73 euros

Arnaud Lagardere said the media group is considering a share buyback or payment of a dividend with the proceeds of the sale of the international magazine division.In an interview published Tuesday by the newspaper Les Echos, he also said that the withdrawal of the group of EADS will not happen until the release of the Airbus A350, the future long-haul European aircraft manufacturers.

Air France – KLM: + 3.31% to 6.14 euros

The group wants to save 700 to 800 million euros in additional savings and will also scale back its flight schedule.

GDF Suez: + 1.50% to 20.35 euros

The newspaper Les Echos, there will be no increase in gas rates for individuals on 1 October, the Regulatory Commission (CRE) does not provide a complete analysis of the tariff before the end of September.

Dry environment: -5.03% to 44.62 euros

The company said it was reviewing its goal of decreasing operating income (ROC) for 2011, it now expected around the level reached in 2010 after falling 2.7% in the first half.

During the day Tuesday, Sanofi will meet its strategy. Boiron Transgene and must publish their results for the second quarter.

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Estate agents again under fire from critics. The consumer association UFC – Que Choisir has issued a statement on Tuesday vitriolic, denouncing the "little commendable practices" agencies. After a survey of over a thousand branches, the leading association of abuse "at every level," the tenants are the first victims.

Three types of abuses are highlighted by the association. Estate agents do not initially comply with their disclosure obligations of tenants illegally. For example, 21% of agencies tested their fees do not display in the window, "contrary to a legal obligation 20 years old." Like nearly a third still do not respect the obligation to inform the tenant of the energy consumption of their future home, even as energy prices continue to climb.

Prices "prohibitive"

Partly because of tensions on the rental market, real estate will also allow aspiring tenants require more and more collateral. 62% of them are demanding documents allowed for the creation of a file, the certificate of the employer being required more frequently (by 46% of agencies). "This is not an excess of zeal, defends the National Federation of Real Estate (Fnaim). This is only to ensure donors'.

By virtue of this requirement that many agencies require such an identity photograph, a bank account, a check for reservation of accommodation or a social security card … In about 30% of cases, a guarantor is required when the candidate wins the rent three times the rent."This additional requirement makes it clear that agencies are primarily to serve the landlord," interprets the UFC – Que Choisir.

Last black dot underlined by the association: the profession continues to charge a "service only limited" at prices for their "prohibitive". On average, fees and represent 93% of the monthly rent. The UFC – Que Choisir denounced as such "double penalty" is that the indexation of fees on the rent: the more prices rise, more agencies are increasing fees. Only 6% of agencies practice a fixed fee, delivery.

New measures for consumers

All these abuses have repeatedly pointed out by consumer groups, which tend to hinder access to housing.In March, it was this time CLCV denouncing the excessive billing that affect the budget of the tenants: inventory costs (up to 100 euros), fresh stimulus for delay (20 euros on average ) fee for annual reassessment of rental charges (34 euros) … So many illegal practices which continue to proliferate, despite the tightening of the law.

If the profession is a strong advocate of abuse, Fnaim however, that it will present in September new measures "in favor of an overall organization of the profession, faithful to respect the interests of consumers."

The Secretary of State for Housing, Benedict Appeared should follow suit."It is important not to heap opprobrium on a profession that is aware of certain abuses, organized thinking to fight against," he said Tuesday, before announcing that new government measures against the abuses described as "unbearable". Currently "under development", these measures will aim to "protect consumers and support those professionals who are committed to the quality of service." For these traditional signs of strong competition from low cost agencies in full swing, this strategy could indeed be a winner.

Testimonials – Have you ever been abused by estate agents? Have you seen such abuses around you? Tell us your experience in comments below or by email at temoin@lefigaro.fr.

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Sign that the markets are still very feverish, gold crossed for the first time in its history the bar in 1900 dollars an ounce to more than 1914 dollars exactly. However, according to analyst estimates, the Cac 40 should continue to rise, after gaining 1.14% to 3051.36 points on Monday. Wall Street closed Monday evening while a cautious rebound Asian stock markets advance slowly.

While awaiting the president's speech to the U.S. central bank, Ben Bernanke, Friday, and the publication of the second estimate of U.S. GDP in the second quarter, the same day, the markets are mindful of the situation in Libya where the prospect a regime change seems inevitable with the fall of Colonel Gaddafi after 42 years of reign.

Oil prices retreat slightly

As a result, oil prices were cautious on Tuesday morning.In morning trading, a barrel of Brent North Sea crude for October delivery fell by 2 cents to 108.34 dollars, after losing 18 cents in early trade. A barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in October gained 27 cents 84.69 dollars.

On the macroeconomic front, the manufacturing PMI for France and the euro area will be published respectively in 9 hours and 10 hours. In the U.S., sales of new homes in July were attendures to 16 hours.

On the corporate side, the energy sector will follow when the regime of Colonel Gaddafi is expected to fall.

Carrefour announced Monday the appointment of Thierry Garnier, currently executive director of distribution group for growth markets, the Executive Director for China and Taiwan, replacing Eric Legros.

And if the Paris Stock Exchange on Thursday ended its eight consecutive sessions of decline that have lost more than 10%? The rebound on Wall Street Wednesday night and Tokyo this morning – although the latter is mainly due to the weakening of the yen against the dollar and the euro – seem to bode well for the Cac 40.According to analysts' estimates, could open the Cac 40 up 1.2%.

On Wednesday, the Cac 40 dropped 1.93% to 3454.94 points, after the yield spreads between bonds to ten years Spanish and Italian have widened compared to German bonds.

Financial markets, however, could play the card of caution pending the meeting of the Board of Governors of the European Central Bank (13.45), which is expected to announce its continued interest rate to 1.50% but especially before the publication of weekly claims for unemployment benefits in the United States (1430), on the eve of the official figures on Friday.

On the corporate side, two companies released this morning:

Veolia Environnement, which warned last Friday that it would not achieve its goals for this year, released on Thursday a net loss of 67.2 million euros in the first half, weighed down by exceptional asset write-downs 800 million euros.The world leader in environmental services will focus its activities "in less than 40 countries in 2013 against 77 today."

However, Axa reported first half net profit more than quadrupled to 3.99 billion ers (324%), driven by gains on sale and very little affected by provisions related to the support plan to Greece.

Vinci said Wednesday QDVC, its joint venture with Qatari fund, won a contract for 374 million euros for a metro project for a new town being built in Qatar.

Vilmorin has confirmed its margin target of 2010-2011 by announcing an increase of 12.1% of its turnover for the year, thanks to the vegetable business, along with the acquisition of assets and maize seed and sorghum Brasmilho of Brazilian society.

Hermès responded Wednesday to the Association of Defence of Minority Shareholders (Adam), who asked why the luxury group spent so much money to buy back its own shares. "Share repurchases are intended to cover the programs free shares to employees," said a spokeswoman for Hermes.

Cegedim dropped its goal of increasing revenue for 2011 but remains confident in its ability to generate an EBIT close in absolute value, that of 2010. The group also announced Wednesday for the second quarter of 2011, a consolidated turnover of 247.1 million euros (+1.6% as reported and 0.1% organic).

Dexia and Natixis will publish their second quarter results after market close.

While Wall Street ended the session and declined Friday Asian stock markets see red on Monday morning, the CAC 40 continues its decline on Monday. Halfway through, he gave up 1.44% to 3858.11 points. The session will be marked by the expectation of the beginning of earnings season in the United States, with the aluminum giant Alcoa, which must publish its figures after the close of Wall Street. Investors are also nervous until the advances of another meeting of central bankers in the euro area held Monday in Brussels.

Van Rompuy, Barroso and Trichet, heads of three major European institutions – the Council, the Commission and the Central Bank – in fact, find themselves on Monday to spur the seventeen countries of the euro, still unable to agree of mounting a second rescue plan for Greece.Then the seventeen ministers of finance are again struggling in the afternoon of the participation of private creditors (banks, insurers and pension funds) to finance the 110 billion euros expected by Athens. In addition, concerns are doing now in Italy. Friday, the country has seen its returns soar. Rumors about a possible resignation of Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, would have triggered the movement.

These concerns continue to weigh on the euro, which widened its losses against the greenback on Monday. Around 11:00 in Paris, the single European currency was worth 1.4123 dollars against 1.4258 dollars on Friday night, falling to levels seen for two weeks.

The macroeconomic situation across the Atlantic does not reassure the markets more. The United States are also penalized by a debt record. Barack Obama finds MPs on Monday.He said Sunday night, before a meeting with key members of Congress, he "must" that Congress reached agreement on the debt within 10 days. Otherwise, the U.S. could default on August 2.

Chapter macroeconomics, INSEE released the figure in industrial production in France for the month of May Over the period, and after two months of decline, it bounced 2%, against 0.5% expected by the consensus.

Car values ​​down sharply, despite the results of Renault and for values, the release this morning (tomorrow ahead of Peugeot-3, 74% to 30.09 euros) business results Renault (-2.17% to 38.35 euros) was not at all convinced investors. Carlos Tavares went to the site of Flins Monday.The automaker has announced an increase of 1.9% of its global sales in the first half, the strength of demand abroad offsetting supply problems it encounters in Europe. The group also expressed its willingness to establish a new sales record this year by selling more than 2.6 million vehicles due to its growth internationally and despite the poor performance in Europe in the first half, he said Monday.

The financial sector ailing

The financial sector is in bad shape, still weighed down by the debt crisis in Europe. Mid-session, BNP loses 3.92% to 47.87 euros, Axa, plunges 4.69% to 14.53 euros, Crédit Agricole ceded 3.05 9.18% to 3.88 euros and Societe Generale to 37.03 euros.

Air France (-1.37% to 10.06 euros) will propose October 13 routes from Marseille to France, Europe and the Mediterranean from 50 euros one way, a way, she says, to launch an "offensive" against the low cost.

Moreover, the energy values ​​react more weakly to kick off the giant tender (about 10 billion) government on the construction of an offshore wind farm with a capacity of production of 3000 megawatts.

Several candidates have already expressed: the consortium GDF Su ez (-0.84% ​​to 24.08 euros), Areva (-0.81% to 24.50 euros) and Vinci (-0.92% to 41.98 euros), another consortium Areva and combining the Spanish giant Iberdrola, EDF EN and all (-0.01% to 39.67 euros), Alstom (-1.2% to 40.76 euros ) and Dong Energy.E. ON and EDP-R have also responded to the tender.

Total (-1.09% to 39.53 euros) could write off some tax benefits. Following the controversy triggered by the imposition of any large groups of the CAC 40, Total could give up to enjoy the tax shelter known as "worldwide profits." The CEO also announced that he would pass to the pump the recent increases in crude oil prices.

Mergers in the telecoms

Bouygues Telecom, a subsidiary of Bouygues (-0.85% to 28.63 euros). The smallest of the three French mobile operators own their own network announced Monday the signing of a framework agreement with Spain's Telefonica, which will allow it to benefit from the infrastructure and the size of its new partner.For its part, rival France Telecom (-0.63% to 14.17 euros) was approached by the television channel in Qatar, Al-Jazeera, for the redemption of Orange Sport. Discussions are in progress.

Sanofi (-0.94%, to 55 euros). The laboratory has sold its dermatology at Dermik Valeant Canada for $ 425 million (300 million) to focus on its platform for growth in the United States and Canada.

Airbus, a subsidiary of EADS (-0.15% to 23.16 euros), would be willing to sell out to rival Boeing. The European aircraft manufacturer could make significant price reductions to crop market share with its U.S. rival in the U.S., in connection with the tender launched by American Airlines, says the Wall Street Journal. The U.S. airline expects to order 250 aircraft.

On the other hand airlines could face a strike in early August.The union of airline pilots SNPL filed a strike notice for all French airlines from August 5 to 8, written Tribunedans his edition of Monday.

Ipsos (-0.06% to 32.76 euros) could be thwarted in his plans to return to UK Synovate. In fact, the British investment fund would be willing to put 675 million euros for the acquisition of Synovate, the tamping pin to French Ipsos already in discussions with the company for market research, according to information from the Financial Times. The Aegis Group, which owns Synovate, however, have rejected the offer.

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